Refers to in-depth training and specialized instruction after the undergraduate level of education. Studying and learning are usually more self-directed at the graduate level than the undergraduate level. The main credentials are academic certificates, degrees (e.g., master's degrees, doctoral degrees) and professional degrees (e.g., medical school, law school, business school, and other institutions of specialized fields such as nursing, speech–language pathology, engineering, and architecture). Producing original research is a significant component of graduate studies in the humanities, natural sciences, and social sciences. This research typically leads to the writing and defense of a thesis or dissertation. In professional graduate training, the degrees (e.g., MPA, MBA, JD, MD), may consist of coursework without a research or thesis component.

See Topic: Graduate/Professional Education in the Learn-and-Work Ecosystem | Learn & Work Ecosystem Library (learnworkecosystemlibrary.com)