Refers to reusable agreements that make it easier for people and organizations to publish, access, share, and use better quality data. The standards are a set of specifications or requirements for how some sets of data should be made publicly available. The standards often incorporate specifications around cost (free/low cost), consistency, portability, open governance, interoperability, and structure. The data is typically made open on the web for the public to use. Examples: government data like anonymized census information, building permits, public facilities, real-time transit, road construction, service requests, zoning.